AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT(schemes and bills)
India is an agrarian economy as 70% of its population depends on it but now its contribution to the GDP decreases (i.e 14% ).during the 1st five year plan India follows industrial growth as a Prime moving force of the economy.but after the 7th plan agrarian sector becomes the prime moving force.
*Even united nations change their mentality that agrarian economy is not a backward economy.
Ministry of rural development- The vision and mission of the Ministry is sustainable and inclusive growth of rural India through a multipronged strategy for eradication of poverty by increasing livelihoods opportunities, providing social safety net and developing infrastructure for growth.
1.Department of Drinking Water & Supply- To provide every rural person with adequate safe water for drinking, cooking and other domestic basic needs on a sustainable basis.
1.National rural drinking water programme (NRDWM)(Rajiv Gandhi drinking water mission)
* By 2017,Ensure that at least 50% of rural households are provided with piped water supply & at least 35% of rural households have piped water supply with a household connection. (12th five year plan).
* by 2022, every rural person in the country will have access to 70 lpcd within their household premises.
2.NIRMAL BHARAT ABHIYAN(NBA)
Motivate communities and Panchayati Raj Institutions to promote sustainable sanitation facilities through awareness creation and health education.
MAJOR COMPONENTS ARE-
Construction of Individual Household Latrines.
Rural Sanitary Marts and Production.
Community Sanitary Complex.
Institutional Toilets- School and Anganwadi toilets.
Solid and Liquid Waste Management.
3.WATER SECURITY PILOT PROJECTS are launched through convergence with MNREGA and other watershed programmes
2.Department of Land Resources-major schemes are-
1.Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP)- is a modified programme of erstwhile Drought Prone Areas Programme (DPAP), Desert Development Programme (DDP) and Integrated Wastelands Development Programme (IWDP) of the Department of Land Resources.
Main motive is to restore the ecological balance by harnessing, conserving and developing degraded natural resources such as soil, vegetative cover and water.
2. National Land Records Modernization Programme (NLRMP)-Implementing two schemes-
* Computerisation of Land Records (CLR).
* Strengthening of Revenue Administration and Updating of Land Records (SRA&ULR).
3. Neeranchal - World Bank assisted Watershed Management Programme
* Neeranchal project has been conceived to strengthen implementation of IWMP giving focus to areas of Planning, Capacity Building, Improved Production Technology, Monitoring & Evaluation.
* Neeranchal will focus on rainfed areas of 8 States (A.P, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Jharkhand, M.P., Maharashtra, Odisha and Rajasthan) consists of 68% of (58 m.ha.) countrys net rainfed agriculture area.
4. National Mission on Bio-Diesel - Committee on Development of Bio-fuels set-up by the Planning Commission in July, 2002. The objectives of the programmes is to bring unutilzed wasteland in to productive use by promotion of Jatropha and Pongamia Plantation and reduce countrys dependence on imported petroleum diesel.
3.Department of Rural Development-centre is working with state government to poverty reduction, employment generation, rural infrastructure habitant development, provision of basic minimum services.
Schemes.
1.Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana-launced in December 2000,a fully funded Centrally Sponsored Scheme to provide all weather road connectivity in rural areas of the country.
Under the survey conducted by state government,1.67 lakh Unconnected Habitations are eligible for coverage under the programme.
2.Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana- is to bring the assisted poor families (Swarozgaries) above the Poverty Line with the help of self help groups(SHGs). As per the latest (1999-2000) estimates of the Planning Commission, the poverty line in terms of per capita consumption expenditure per month in the rural areas varies from Rs.262.94 in Andhra Pradesh to Rs.367.45 in Himachal Pradesh
3.Indira Aawas Yojna- primarily to help construction/upgradation of dwelling units of members of below poverty line non-SC/ST or SC/ST rural households by providing them a lump sum financial assistance.
4.Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act-2005- To provide 100 days guaranteed wage employment to a household in the rural areas.
5.National Social Assistance Programme- providing social assistance benefit to the aged, the BPL households in the case of death of the primary breadwinner and for maternity.It comprises the National Old Age Pension Scheme (NOAPS), National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS) and National Maternity Benefit Scheme (NMBS).
6. Provision of Urban Amenities in Rural Areas(PURA)- development of compact areas around a potential growth centre in a Panchayat through Public Private Partnership (PPP) by providing livelihood opportunities and urban amenities to improve the quality of life in rural areas.
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1.DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND COOPERATION-
1.Kisaan SMS Portal- The SMSs will get transmitted only to the farmers within the territorial jurisdiction of an officer, scientist or experts for the crops or agricultural practice that such a farmer might have opted for.
2.Minimum Support Prices- Acting on the recommendations of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices, the Government has fixed Minimum Support Prices (MSPs) for the Agricultural Year (July-June) 2013-14.
3.Draft Guidelines for setting up Automatic Weather Stations- setting up Automatic Weather Stations (AWSs) and Automatic Rain Gauge (ARGs) & their accreditation, standardization, validation and quality management of weather data.
4.Green Revolution in Eastern India -Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh and West Bengal have substantially increased their contribution to rice production. Therefore for the further increment of their growth government allocated 1000crore in 2013-14.
5.Thrust to FPOs- Farmer Producer Organizations (FPO), including Farmer Producer Companies (FPC), have emerged as aggregators of farm produce and link farmers directly to markets.
6.Pilot Programme on Nutri-Farms- introducing new crop varieties that are rich in micro-nutrients such as iron-rich bajra, protein-rich maize and zinc-rich wheat, is being launched.
2. Department of Agricultural Research and Education(DARE)-established in 1973
* DARE provides the necessary government linkages for the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR).
* Apart from ICAR the Department of Agricultural Research and Education has one more autonomous body, viz. the Central Agricultural University, Imphal under its administrative control. The Central University, established in 1993, has its jurisdiction over the Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Sikkim and Tripura, and is wholly financed by the Government of India.
3. Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying &fisheries(DADF)-
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY-
* to increase & upgrade the production & quality of animal breeding and poultry system.
* provide proper health care of livestock through proper diagnosis of diseases, timely vaccination and rational treatment for optimizing livestock production.
* The Centrally Sponsored Scheme on Poultry Development implemented by the Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying & Fisheries (DADF) has 3 components namely (i) Assistance to State Poultry Farms, (ii) Rural Backyard Poultry Development and (iii) Poultry Estates (new component).
DAIRY DEVELOPMENT-
* To increase the per capita availability of milk, OPERATION FLOOD was started in which 13.9 million farmers have been brought under the ambit of 1,33,349 village level dairy cooperative societies.
* DADF main focus in on non flood area(i.e area not coming under operation flood) to create a corporative infrastructure and revitalization of seek dairy cooperatives.
* Main schemes under Dairy development by DADF are-
* Intensive Dairy Development Programme (IDDP)
* Strengthening infrastructure for quality and clean milk production
* Assistance to Cooperatives
* Dairy Venture Capital Fund.
FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT-under this varies schemes are implemented by the centre for the development of marine fisheries and aquaculture and also the schemes for the welfare of the fishermen.
4. Department of Food Processing Industries-established in 1988
* MEGA FOOD PARKS- providing a mechanism to link agricultural production to the market by bringing together farmers, processors and retailers so as to ensure maximizing value addition, minimizing wastages, increasing farmers income and creating employment opportunities particularly in rural sector.
* COLD CHAINS-to provide pre- cooling facility at production sites ,reefer vans and value added centres so as to reduce wastage and increase quality as well as quantity.
* MODERNIZATION OF ABATTOIRS- Modernization of existing Abattoirs with a view to ensure scientific hygienic slaughtering of the animals and supply of quality meat and meat products.(work under PPP mode)
* Quality and Food Safety- Due to competition in global market ,Total Quality Management (TQM) such as quality control, quality system and quality assurance implementation should be done on large scale.
* National Mission on Food Processing(NMFP)- decentralization of implementation of food processing related schemes for ensuring substantial participation of State/ UT Governments . It comes under the central sponsored schemes(major implementation of 11th plan was embedded in 12th NMFP).
BILLS PASSED IN GOVERNMENT REGARDING AGRICULTURE & RURAL DEVELOPMENT
1.THE NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY BILL 2013
2. The National Rural Employment Guarantee (Amendment) Bill, 2009
3. The Legal Metrology Bil,2008-This Bill standardizes the units for measurement to be used in India. It specifies the SI system (metre, kilogram etc.) to be used. It regulates the manufacture, sale and use of standard weights and measures.
4. The Essential Commodities (Amendment and Validation) Bill, 2009-the price paid by the centre to sugar mills for levy sugar is based on fair and remunerative price. But if state governments fix a state advisory price (SAP) higher than FRP, then they would have to pay the difference to sugarcane farmers.
5. The Prevention and Control of Infectious and Contagious Diseases in Animals Bill, 2005-
* prevent, control and eradicate infectious diseases affecting animals.
* prevent the spread of such disease from one state to another.
* fulfill requirements of the International Animal Health Code.
6.The Sugar Development Fund(Amendment)Bill,2008
7. The Warehousing (Development and Regulation) Bill, 2005
* The Warehousing (Development and Regulation) Bill, 2005 seeks to establish WRs(warehouse receipt)as negotiable instruments, and outlines the necessary terms and provisions.
* Bill establishes a Warehouse Development and Regulatory Authority (WDRA) to regulate the WR system.
8. The National Rural Employment Guarantee (Extension To Jammu and Kashmir) Bill, 2007-This Bill provides for the extension of the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005, to the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
9. The National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (Amendment) Bill, 2007
10. The Food Safety and Standards Bill, 2005-consolidates eight laws governing the food sector and establishes the Food Safety and Standards Authority (FSSA) to regulate the sector.
11.The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Bill, 2013-introduced in loksabha in 2011.and this bill was lapsed with two bills which were introduced in 2007 i.e The Land Acquisition Bill 2007 & The Land Rehabilitation And Resettlement Bill 2007.
Anam Singla
